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C Basics
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C Basics

C Basics

1. Introduction
Structure of the C-ProgramEssentials of C ProgramHow to Run the Program?
2. Data
DataVariablesPrintfIntroduction to ArraysTwo Dimensional ArraysChar and StringSizeofPrintf PracticeSizeof Practice
3. Operators
Assignment, Comparison, Not Equal ToSum, Difference, Increment, DecrementMultiplication, Division and ModuloComparison OperatorsComparison Operators PracticeLogical OperatorsLogical Operators Practice
4. Control Statements
If-else Operatorif-else Operator PracticeTernary OperatorSwitch, BreakWhile, Do-WhileFor, ContinueFor Loop Practice
5. Functions
Structure of the FunctionDeclaration, Type and ReturnArgumentsPassing ArgumentsHeader, Prototypes Void, Recursion
6. Pointers
Pointers are around UsReferences and DereferencesPointersMalloc and FreeFunctions, Arrays and Two PointersVoid

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Essentials of C Program

You've explored the main components of a C program's structure, but there's so much more beneath the surface.

c

Main

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#include <stdio.h> // Preprocessor directive

int main() // The main function
{
	printf("Hello, c<>definity!\n"); // Print text

	return 0; // Exit
}

The printf() function displays output on the screen. For our example, it shows the message "Hello, c<>definity!". Text meant for display should be wrapped in double quotes.

Escape Characters

Escape characters are special sequences in C that start with a backslash (\) and represent non-printable or special characters within strings. They allow you to format text in ways that can't be done with regular characters

c

Main

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#include <stdio.h> 

int main() 
{
	printf("Hel\nlo");

	return 0;
}
c

Main

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#include <stdio.h> 

int main() 
{
    // Try out different escape characters
	printf("Hello");
	return 0;
}

The Semicolon

The semicolon ; signifies the end of a statement in C. Every statement in C should conclude with a ;. Think of it like the period at the end of a written sentence.

The Return Statement

The return is statement that used to end a function and potentially return a value. In the context of the main function, the standard in C requires the use of return 0. It generally indicates an Exit status or the successful termination of a program.

Which of the following statements about the structure and behavior of a simple C program is correct?

Which of the following statements about the structure and behavior of a simple C program is correct?

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