Conteúdo do Curso
Introduction to Python Video Course
Introduction to Python Video Course
Modifying Functions
In programming, functions are not just static blocks of code — they can be flexible and adaptable, capable of handling different situations and requirements. Modifying functions can make them more powerful and easier to use in a variety of contexts. In this chapter, we explore key techniques for modifying functions, such as using default arguments, keyword arguments, and handling variable-length arguments.
Now, let’s dive into a demonstration where we’ll explore how to modify functions to make them more flexible and powerful in our grocery store management system:
Default Arguments
Default arguments are a powerful feature in Python that allow you to define default values for function parameters.
In the apply_discount
function, the discount
parameter is set to 0.10
by default. Since the function applies a 10% discount by default, we can call the apply_discount
function with only one parameter, the price
, as you see in the default_discount_price
variable. However, we can override the default value and call the apply_discount
function with values assigned to both the price
and discount
(e.g., 0.20 for 20%) as seen in the custom_discount_price
variable.
def apply_discount(price, discount=0.10): discounted_price = price * (1 - discount) return discounted_price # Calling the function without specifying a discount (uses default) default_discount_price = apply_discount(100) print(f"Price after default discount: ${default_discount_price}") # Calling the function with a custom discount custom_discount_price = apply_discount(100, 0.20) print(f"Price after custom discount: ${custom_discount_price}")
Keyword Arguments
Keyword arguments in Python let you pass arguments by explicitly naming each parameter, making function calls more self-explanatory and flexible. This approach is especially useful when a function has many parameters or when the order of arguments might be unclear. In this example, the price
and discount
are specified, while tax
is left at its default value, allowing for flexibility without sacrificing clarity.
def calculate_total(price, discount, tax=0.05): total = price * (1 + tax) * (1 - discount) return total # Calling the function with keyword arguments total_cost = calculate_total(price=100, discount=0.15) print(f"Total cost after discount: ${total_cost}")
Tarefa
In this challenge, you'll complete the function generate_receipt
to manage grocery store receipts. This function will use default arguments to calculate and display the total cost of items, including tax.
Task:
- Define the Default Parameter: Complete the function signature by adding a
tax_rate
parameter with a default value of0.07
.
Tarefa
In this challenge, you'll complete the function generate_receipt
to manage grocery store receipts. This function will use default arguments to calculate and display the total cost of items, including tax.
Task:
- Define the Default Parameter: Complete the function signature by adding a
tax_rate
parameter with a default value of0.07
.
Tudo estava claro?
Modifying Functions
In programming, functions are not just static blocks of code — they can be flexible and adaptable, capable of handling different situations and requirements. Modifying functions can make them more powerful and easier to use in a variety of contexts. In this chapter, we explore key techniques for modifying functions, such as using default arguments, keyword arguments, and handling variable-length arguments.
Now, let’s dive into a demonstration where we’ll explore how to modify functions to make them more flexible and powerful in our grocery store management system:
Default Arguments
Default arguments are a powerful feature in Python that allow you to define default values for function parameters.
In the apply_discount
function, the discount
parameter is set to 0.10
by default. Since the function applies a 10% discount by default, we can call the apply_discount
function with only one parameter, the price
, as you see in the default_discount_price
variable. However, we can override the default value and call the apply_discount
function with values assigned to both the price
and discount
(e.g., 0.20 for 20%) as seen in the custom_discount_price
variable.
def apply_discount(price, discount=0.10): discounted_price = price * (1 - discount) return discounted_price # Calling the function without specifying a discount (uses default) default_discount_price = apply_discount(100) print(f"Price after default discount: ${default_discount_price}") # Calling the function with a custom discount custom_discount_price = apply_discount(100, 0.20) print(f"Price after custom discount: ${custom_discount_price}")
Keyword Arguments
Keyword arguments in Python let you pass arguments by explicitly naming each parameter, making function calls more self-explanatory and flexible. This approach is especially useful when a function has many parameters or when the order of arguments might be unclear. In this example, the price
and discount
are specified, while tax
is left at its default value, allowing for flexibility without sacrificing clarity.
def calculate_total(price, discount, tax=0.05): total = price * (1 + tax) * (1 - discount) return total # Calling the function with keyword arguments total_cost = calculate_total(price=100, discount=0.15) print(f"Total cost after discount: ${total_cost}")
Tarefa
In this challenge, you'll complete the function generate_receipt
to manage grocery store receipts. This function will use default arguments to calculate and display the total cost of items, including tax.
Task:
- Define the Default Parameter: Complete the function signature by adding a
tax_rate
parameter with a default value of0.07
.
Tarefa
In this challenge, you'll complete the function generate_receipt
to manage grocery store receipts. This function will use default arguments to calculate and display the total cost of items, including tax.
Task:
- Define the Default Parameter: Complete the function signature by adding a
tax_rate
parameter with a default value of0.07
.
Tudo estava claro?
Modifying Functions
In programming, functions are not just static blocks of code — they can be flexible and adaptable, capable of handling different situations and requirements. Modifying functions can make them more powerful and easier to use in a variety of contexts. In this chapter, we explore key techniques for modifying functions, such as using default arguments, keyword arguments, and handling variable-length arguments.
Now, let’s dive into a demonstration where we’ll explore how to modify functions to make them more flexible and powerful in our grocery store management system:
Default Arguments
Default arguments are a powerful feature in Python that allow you to define default values for function parameters.
In the apply_discount
function, the discount
parameter is set to 0.10
by default. Since the function applies a 10% discount by default, we can call the apply_discount
function with only one parameter, the price
, as you see in the default_discount_price
variable. However, we can override the default value and call the apply_discount
function with values assigned to both the price
and discount
(e.g., 0.20 for 20%) as seen in the custom_discount_price
variable.
def apply_discount(price, discount=0.10): discounted_price = price * (1 - discount) return discounted_price # Calling the function without specifying a discount (uses default) default_discount_price = apply_discount(100) print(f"Price after default discount: ${default_discount_price}") # Calling the function with a custom discount custom_discount_price = apply_discount(100, 0.20) print(f"Price after custom discount: ${custom_discount_price}")
Keyword Arguments
Keyword arguments in Python let you pass arguments by explicitly naming each parameter, making function calls more self-explanatory and flexible. This approach is especially useful when a function has many parameters or when the order of arguments might be unclear. In this example, the price
and discount
are specified, while tax
is left at its default value, allowing for flexibility without sacrificing clarity.
def calculate_total(price, discount, tax=0.05): total = price * (1 + tax) * (1 - discount) return total # Calling the function with keyword arguments total_cost = calculate_total(price=100, discount=0.15) print(f"Total cost after discount: ${total_cost}")
Tarefa
In this challenge, you'll complete the function generate_receipt
to manage grocery store receipts. This function will use default arguments to calculate and display the total cost of items, including tax.
Task:
- Define the Default Parameter: Complete the function signature by adding a
tax_rate
parameter with a default value of0.07
.
Tarefa
In this challenge, you'll complete the function generate_receipt
to manage grocery store receipts. This function will use default arguments to calculate and display the total cost of items, including tax.
Task:
- Define the Default Parameter: Complete the function signature by adding a
tax_rate
parameter with a default value of0.07
.
Tudo estava claro?
In programming, functions are not just static blocks of code — they can be flexible and adaptable, capable of handling different situations and requirements. Modifying functions can make them more powerful and easier to use in a variety of contexts. In this chapter, we explore key techniques for modifying functions, such as using default arguments, keyword arguments, and handling variable-length arguments.
Now, let’s dive into a demonstration where we’ll explore how to modify functions to make them more flexible and powerful in our grocery store management system:
Default Arguments
Default arguments are a powerful feature in Python that allow you to define default values for function parameters.
In the apply_discount
function, the discount
parameter is set to 0.10
by default. Since the function applies a 10% discount by default, we can call the apply_discount
function with only one parameter, the price
, as you see in the default_discount_price
variable. However, we can override the default value and call the apply_discount
function with values assigned to both the price
and discount
(e.g., 0.20 for 20%) as seen in the custom_discount_price
variable.
def apply_discount(price, discount=0.10): discounted_price = price * (1 - discount) return discounted_price # Calling the function without specifying a discount (uses default) default_discount_price = apply_discount(100) print(f"Price after default discount: ${default_discount_price}") # Calling the function with a custom discount custom_discount_price = apply_discount(100, 0.20) print(f"Price after custom discount: ${custom_discount_price}")
Keyword Arguments
Keyword arguments in Python let you pass arguments by explicitly naming each parameter, making function calls more self-explanatory and flexible. This approach is especially useful when a function has many parameters or when the order of arguments might be unclear. In this example, the price
and discount
are specified, while tax
is left at its default value, allowing for flexibility without sacrificing clarity.
def calculate_total(price, discount, tax=0.05): total = price * (1 + tax) * (1 - discount) return total # Calling the function with keyword arguments total_cost = calculate_total(price=100, discount=0.15) print(f"Total cost after discount: ${total_cost}")
Tarefa
In this challenge, you'll complete the function generate_receipt
to manage grocery store receipts. This function will use default arguments to calculate and display the total cost of items, including tax.
Task:
- Define the Default Parameter: Complete the function signature by adding a
tax_rate
parameter with a default value of0.07
.