Conteúdo do Curso

C++ OOP

1. Fundamentals of OOP in C++

Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming in C++Why use Object-Oriented Programming?Class Creation Syntax Attributes of the Class Methods of the Class Static Members of The Class The This Keyword Classes and Objects Overview

2. Constructors and Destructors

What is a Constructor of the Class Constructor and Attributes Constructor Initialization List Initialization List Practice Constructor Delegation Constructor Delegation Practice What is a Destructor of the Class Constructors and Destructors Practice

3. Encapsulation Overview

Introduction to Encapsulation Access Modifiers Keywords Access Modifiers Practice Accessor and Mutator Methods Segmentation and Aggregation The Friend Keyword

4. Inheritance Overview

Introduction to Inheritance Access Modifiers in Inheritance Mulptiple Inheritance Constructor and Destructor in Inheritance Diamond Inheritance The Final Keyword

5. Polymorphism Overview

Introduction to Polymorphism Virtual and Override Keywords Pure Virtual Method Operator Overloading Summary and Overview

Static Members of The Class

In object-oriented programming, the static keyword holds a special significance, altering the behavior of attributes and methods. There are sometimes scenarios where we need certain data to be shared among all objects of a class rather than being replicated for each instance. This is where static data members come into play.

The Syntax of the Static Members

Creating a static member of a class is straightforward. You simply need to prepend the declaration with the static keyword.

Example


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class Example {
public:
    static int static_attibute;
    static void static_method() { std::cout << "Static method!" << std::endl; }
};

In the above example, static_attribute and static_method() are declared as static data members of the class Example. Unlike regular data members, static data members are associated with the class itself rather than individual objects. This means that all instances of Example share the same static members.

Initialization is crucial for static data members, and it must be done outside the class unless the member also uses the const keyword.

FirstExample

SecondExample


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class Example {
public:
    static int static_attribute;
    static void static_method() { std::cout << "Static method!" << std::endl; }
};

int Example::static_attribute = 0;

Benefits of Using Static Members

The use of static data members and static member functions offers several benefits.

main


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#include <iostream>

class Example {
public:
    static int static_attribute;
    static void static_method() { std::cout << "Static method!" << std::endl; }
};

// Initialization of the static member variable
int Example::static_attribute = 0;

int main()
{
    Example obj1, obj2;
    obj1.static_attribute = 100; // Modifying static_attribute through obj1

    std::cout << obj1.static_attribute << std::endl;
    std::cout << obj2.static_attribute << std::endl;
    
    Example::static_attribute = 25; // Modifying static_attribute through class
    Example::static_method(); // Calling the static method through class
}

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Seção 1. Capítulo 6

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