C++ OOP

1. Fundamentals of OOP

Explore the fundamental concepts of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), a programming paradigm built on the idea of objects and classes, which are the main focus of this section.

Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming

Why use Object-Oriented Programming?

Class Creation Syntax

Attributes of the Class

Methods of the Class

Static Members of The Class

The This Keyword

Classes and Objects Overview

2. Constructors and Destructors

Constructors and destructors are fundamental concepts in Object-Oriented Programming (OOP). They play a crucial role and in this section you will learn why are they so important and how to use them.

What is a Constructor of the Class

Constructor and Attributes

Constructor Initialization List

Initialization List Practice

Constructor Delegation

Constructor Delegation Practice

What is a Destructor of the Class

Copy Constructors

Constructors and Destructors Practice

3. Encapsulation Overview

Encapsulation is one of the fundamental principles of object-oriented programming (OOP) that facilitates the creation of modular and maintainable code. Here, you will explore the significance of Data Hiding, Access Control, Mutator, and Accessor Methods, elucidating their pivotal roles in code maintenance and modularity.

Introduction to Encapsulation

Access Modifiers Keywords

Access Modifiers Practice

Accessor and Mutator Methods

Access and Mutator Practice

Segmentation and Aggregation

The Friend Keyword

4. Inheritance Overview

In this section you will learn about fundamental mechanism of object-oriented programming that enables code reuse and promotes the creation of hierarchical relationships among classes.

Introduction to Inheritance

Access Modifiers in Inheritance

Mulptiple Inheritance

Constructor and Destructor in Inheritance

Diamond Inheritance

The Final Keyword

5. Polymorphism Overview

Polymorphism is a foundational concept in OOP that enables the creation of flexible and extensible code structures. You will learn about virtual function, abstract classes and operator overloading and their pivotal roles in promoting code flexibility and scalability.

Introduction to Polymorphism

Virtual and Override Keywords

Pure Virtual Method

Operator Overloading

Summary and Overview

Conteúdo do Curso

C++ OOP

1. Fundamentals of OOP

Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Why use Object-Oriented Programming?Class Creation Syntax Attributes of the Class Methods of the Class Static Members of The Class The This Keyword Classes and Objects Overview

2. Constructors and Destructors

What is a Constructor of the Class Constructor and Attributes Constructor Initialization List Initialization List Practice Constructor Delegation Constructor Delegation Practice What is a Destructor of the Class Copy Constructors Constructors and Destructors Practice

3. Encapsulation Overview

Introduction to Encapsulation Access Modifiers Keywords Access Modifiers Practice Accessor and Mutator Methods Access and Mutator Practice Segmentation and Aggregation The Friend Keyword

4. Inheritance Overview

Introduction to Inheritance Access Modifiers in Inheritance Mulptiple Inheritance Constructor and Destructor in Inheritance Diamond Inheritance The Final Keyword

5. Polymorphism Overview

Introduction to Polymorphism Virtual and Override Keywords Pure Virtual Method Operator Overloading Summary and Overview

What is a Destructor of the Class

Syntax of Destructor

Even though they serve opposite purposes creating a destructor is very similar to creating a constructor. They share almost the same declaration principles. The general approach to creating one is:

Name: It has the same name as the class, but is preceded by a tilde (~).
No Return Type: It does not have a return type, not even void.
No Parameters: It cannot take any parameters.
Automatic Invocation: It is called automatically by the compiler when the object goes out of scope or is explicitly deleted.

Automatic Invocation of Destructors

The automatic invocation of destructors refers to the automatic calling of the destructor. This ensures that resources held by the object are properly released, thus helping to prevent memory leaks and resource leaks.

scope

delete

termination


              123456
            
int main()
{
	{
    	Example obj; // Object created
    } // Object goes out of scope here, destructor is invoked
}

When an object goes out of scope.
When the delete operator is used to delete dynamically allocated objects.
When the program terminates.

The Need of Destructors

The primary purpose of a destructor is to release resources acquired by the object during its lifetime. This includes closing file handles, deallocating memory (using new) or simmilar tasks.

ResourceHolder

FileHandler


              123456789101112
            
class ResourceHolder {
public:
    DynamicArray(int size) {
        data = new int(100);
    }
    
    ~DynamicArray() {
        delete data;
    }
private:
    int* data;
};

Tudo estava claro?

Seção 2. Capítulo 7