Creating Our Own Methods

How to use methods?

We looked at creating a method that adds two numbers. Now let's see how we can actually call this method in our code:

Main


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package com.example;

// do not modify the code below this comment

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 10;
        int b = 31;
        // use the method to add two numbers: `a` and `b`
        int sum = addTwoNumbers(a, b);  
        // print the sum of the two numbers
        System.out.println(sum);  
    }

    // method to add two numbers and return the result
    static int addTwoNumbers(int firstNumber, int secondNumber) {
        int result = firstNumber + secondNumber;  
        // return the result of the addition
        return result;  
    }
}

We created two variables of type int with different values and then passed them as parameters to our method;
Since our method returns an int type, we can initialize the variable sum with the result of calling the method;
Thus, our method calculated and returned the sum of the two numbers.

We can also pass arrays as parameters and return them from methods. Let's look at an example:

Main


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package com.example;

import java.util.Arrays;

// do not modify the code below this comment

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // creating an unsorted array
        int[] array = {4, -1, 5, 0, 4, -6, 2, 7, 4, 1};  
        // use a method to sort the array and increment each element by 1
        int[] newArray = sortAndIncrementEveryElement(array);  
        // print the new array after sorting and incrementing each element
        for (int element : newArray) {  
            System.out.print(element + " ");  // output each element from the new array
        }
    }

    // method to increment each element of the array by 1 and then sort it
    static int[] sortAndIncrementEveryElement(int[] inputArray) {
        // create a result array with the same length as the input array
        int[] result = new int[inputArray.length];  
        // increment each element by 1
        for (int i = 0; i < inputArray.length; i++) {  
            result[i] = inputArray[i] + 1;  
        }
        // sort the result array
        Arrays.sort(result);  
        // return the sorted and incremented array
        return result;  
    }
}

We have written a method that sorts and increments each element of an integer array (int[]). Then we create an unsorted array and use the method on it, initializing a new array called newArray with the returned value.

It is worth noting that we can use this method multiple times in the same code, for example:

Main


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package com.example;

import java.util.Arrays;

// do not modify the code below this comment

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // creating unsorted arrays
        int[] array = {4, -1, 5, 0, 4, -6, 2, 7, 4, 1};  
        int[] secondArray = {2, 2, 0, -5, 1, 8, 13, -9, 0};  
        // use a method to sort and increment each element in both arrays
        int[] newArray = sortAndIncrementEveryElement(array);  
        int[] newSecondArray = sortAndIncrementEveryElement(secondArray);  
        // print the new arrays after sorting and incrementing the elements
        for (int element : newArray) {  
            System.out.print(element + " ");  // output each element of the first array
        }
        System.out.println(System.lineSeparator());  
        for (int element : newSecondArray) {  
            System.out.print(element + " ");  // output each element of the second array
        }
    }

    // method to increment each element by 1 and then sort the array
    static int[] sortAndIncrementEveryElement(int[] inputArray) {
        // create a result array with the same length as the input array
        int[] result = new int[inputArray.length];  
        // increment each element by 1
        for (int i = 0; i < inputArray.length; i++) {  
            result[i] = inputArray[i] + 1;  
        }
        // sort the result array
        Arrays.sort(result);  
        // return the sorted and incremented array
        return result;  
    }
}

Thus, we can see that we can use our method multiple times in the code. We have used it on two different integer arrays, and each of them is now sorted and incremented.

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