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C++ Introduction
course content

Course Content

C++ Introduction

C++ Introduction

1. Getting Started
Why to Learn C++What is C++Entry Point of a ProgramStandard Library and FilesPreprocessor DirectivesThe First Program
2. Variables and Data Types
Introduction to VariablesData TypesNumerical Data TypesIntroduction to StringIntroduction to ArraysKeywords sizeof(), auto and typedefWorking with the Array
3. Introduction to Operators
Simple OperatorsA Little MathLogical OperatorsCompound Assignment OperatorPracticing Math Basics
4. Introduction to Program Flow
If...else StatementTernary OperatorSwitch StatementWhile LoopDo...while LoopFor LoopFibonacci Number with Loops
5. Introduction to Functions
What are Functions?Type of FunctionsReturn Statement in FunctionsFunctions With Arguments Simple Function

bookWhile Loop

We used if...else, switch-case to compare our variables with other values. But what if we need to do something a hundred times? A thousand times? A million times?

Loops are designed for just such cases! It allows you to loop your program under certain conditions. Structure of while loop:

cpp

main

copy

              
1234567891011121314151617

            
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
	//x + y = result
	int x = 0; //root of equation
	int y = 8;
	int result = 1000;

	//increase x, until it satisfies the equation
	while (y + x != result)
	{
		x += 1; //x = x + 1
	}

	std::cout << "Root of the equation: " << x;
}

We have summed up (x+=1) 992 times in this case. The loop ran while x + y was not equal to result (1000).

As soon as the expression x + y became equal to result, the loop ended, and we got the root of the equation (х).

Note

The loop may not start if the condition is not satisfied.

It is crucial to make sure that the loop has an exit condition, that is, that the loop will not be infinite. The infinite loop example:

cpp

main

copy

              
1234567891011

            
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
	bool condition = true;

	while (condition)
	{
		std::cout << "Loop is infinite!" << std::endl;
	}
}
Choose the correct version of the while loop:

Choose the correct version of the while loop:

Select the correct answer

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Section 4. Chapter 4
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