Levels in Factors
Levels in a factor represent the set of distinct categories that the factor can take.
Viewing Levels
The levels() function shows all unique values stored in a factor.
Example
12345curr_f <- factor(c('USD', 'EUR', 'AUD', 'NOK', 'CHF', 'EUR', 'AUD', 'EUR')) # Display all levels levels(curr_f)
Ordered Factors
In some cases, categories have a natural order (e.g., "short" < "medium" < "tall"). Factors can be declared as ordered by setting ordered = TRUE.
Example
12345sizes <- c('short', 'tall', 'medium', 'medium', 'short', 'tall') # Ordered factor (alphabetical order) factor(sizes, ordered = TRUE)
Custom Ordering
By default, R orders levels in alphabetical order, which may not always match the intended hierarchy. You can define a specific order by passing a vector of levels in the desired sequence.
Example
123456sizes <- c('short', 'tall', 'medium', 'medium', 'short', 'tall') order <- c('short', 'medium', 'tall') # Ordered factor (correct order) factor(sizes, ordered = TRUE, levels = order)
This ensures the order matches your intended meaning.
Swipe to start coding
You have a vector of grades ranging from 'A' to 'F'. You're tasked with converting this into an ordered factor with the sequence 'F < D < C < B < A':
- Convert the
gradesvector to a factor, capturing the required order, and store it in thegrades_fvariable. - Display the entire
grades_fvariable.
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Levels in a factor represent the set of distinct categories that the factor can take.
Viewing Levels
The levels() function shows all unique values stored in a factor.
Example
12345curr_f <- factor(c('USD', 'EUR', 'AUD', 'NOK', 'CHF', 'EUR', 'AUD', 'EUR')) # Display all levels levels(curr_f)
Ordered Factors
In some cases, categories have a natural order (e.g., "short" < "medium" < "tall"). Factors can be declared as ordered by setting ordered = TRUE.
Example
12345sizes <- c('short', 'tall', 'medium', 'medium', 'short', 'tall') # Ordered factor (alphabetical order) factor(sizes, ordered = TRUE)
Custom Ordering
By default, R orders levels in alphabetical order, which may not always match the intended hierarchy. You can define a specific order by passing a vector of levels in the desired sequence.
Example
123456sizes <- c('short', 'tall', 'medium', 'medium', 'short', 'tall') order <- c('short', 'medium', 'tall') # Ordered factor (correct order) factor(sizes, ordered = TRUE, levels = order)
This ensures the order matches your intended meaning.
Swipe to start coding
You have a vector of grades ranging from 'A' to 'F'. You're tasked with converting this into an ordered factor with the sequence 'F < D < C < B < A':
- Convert the
gradesvector to a factor, capturing the required order, and store it in thegrades_fvariable. - Display the entire
grades_fvariable.
Рішення
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