Вивчайте Extract Function Technique

The extract function technique is a fundamental refactoring method that helps you improve code quality by breaking down large, complex functions into smaller, more focused helper functions. You should consider using this technique when a function grows too long, handles multiple responsibilities, or becomes difficult to understand and maintain. By isolating distinct pieces of logic into their own functions, you make your code easier to read, test, and reuse. This approach also helps you adhere to the Single Responsibility Principle, which states that each function should do one thing and do it well.


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# Before refactoring: a long function that analyzes student grades
def analyze_grades(grades):
    # Calculate average
    total = 0
    for grade in grades:
        total += grade
    average = total / len(grades)
    print(f"Average: {average:.2f}")

    # Find highest and lowest
    highest = grades[0]
    lowest = grades[0]
    for grade in grades:
        if grade > highest:
            highest = grade
        if grade < lowest:
            lowest = grade
    print(f"Highest: {highest}, Lowest: {lowest}")

    # Count passing students (>= 60)
    passing = 0
    for grade in grades:
        if grade >= 60:
            passing += 1
    print(f"Passing: {passing}, Failing: {len(grades) - passing}")

grades = [82, 56, 91, 67, 45, 73, 88]
analyze_grades(grades)

# After refactoring: using extract function technique
def calculate_average(grades):
    return sum(grades) / len(grades)

def find_highest_and_lowest(grades):
    return max(grades), min(grades)

def count_passing(grades, passing_mark=60):
    passing = sum(1 for grade in grades if grade >= passing_mark)
    failing = len(grades) - passing
    return passing, failing

def analyze_grades_refactored(grades):
    average = calculate_average(grades)
    print(f"Average: {average:.2f}")

    highest, lowest = find_highest_and_lowest(grades)
    print(f"Highest: {highest}, Lowest: {lowest}")

    passing, failing = count_passing(grades)
    print(f"Passing: {passing}, Failing: {failing}")

analyze_grades_refactored(grades)

1. Which of the following is a key benefit of extracting functions from a large function?

2. Fill in the blank to complete the refactored helper function for finding the highest and lowest grades.

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Suggested prompts:

Can you explain the benefits of the extract function technique in more detail?

What are some other refactoring techniques similar to extract function?

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# Before refactoring: a long function that analyzes student grades
def analyze_grades(grades):
    # Calculate average
    total = 0
    for grade in grades:
        total += grade
    average = total / len(grades)
    print(f"Average: {average:.2f}")

    # Find highest and lowest
    highest = grades[0]
    lowest = grades[0]
    for grade in grades:
        if grade > highest:
            highest = grade
        if grade < lowest:
            lowest = grade
    print(f"Highest: {highest}, Lowest: {lowest}")

    # Count passing students (>= 60)
    passing = 0
    for grade in grades:
        if grade >= 60:
            passing += 1
    print(f"Passing: {passing}, Failing: {len(grades) - passing}")

grades = [82, 56, 91, 67, 45, 73, 88]
analyze_grades(grades)

# After refactoring: using extract function technique
def calculate_average(grades):
    return sum(grades) / len(grades)

def find_highest_and_lowest(grades):
    return max(grades), min(grades)

def count_passing(grades, passing_mark=60):
    passing = sum(1 for grade in grades if grade >= passing_mark)
    failing = len(grades) - passing
    return passing, failing

def analyze_grades_refactored(grades):
    average = calculate_average(grades)
    print(f"Average: {average:.2f}")

    highest, lowest = find_highest_and_lowest(grades)
    print(f"Highest: {highest}, Lowest: {lowest}")

    passing, failing = count_passing(grades)
    print(f"Passing: {passing}, Failing: {failing}")

analyze_grades_refactored(grades)

1. Which of the following is a key benefit of extracting functions from a large function?

2. Fill in the blank to complete the refactored helper function for finding the highest and lowest grades.

Все було зрозуміло?

Дякуємо за ваш відгук!

Секція 2. Розділ 2