Understanding the role of users in Dockerfiles is crucial for ensuring security and efficiency in containerized applications within the Docker ecosystem. In this section, we will explore the role of users in Dockerfiles, their logic, and syntax.

User Roles in Dockerfiles

In Dockerfiles, particularly in the context of creating Docker images, users play a vital role in providing security and ensuring correct actions. The main task is to restrict access rights for processes within the container and ensure container security and operations correctness.

Creating Users

The adduser command is a Unix/Linux utility used to add users to the system. In this case, the --disabled-password option is used to create a user without assigning a password, enhancing security.

• RUN: Docker instruction to execute a command during image build;

• adduser: Command to add a new user;

• --disabled-password: Option to create a user without assigning a password;

• myuser: Username to be created.

chown -R planner-user /notes: This command changes the owner of all files and directories in /notes to the user planner-user. The -R flag indicates that this operation should be recursive, meaning it will also be applied to all files and subdirectories in /notes.

So, in this line, we first create the user planner-user, and then we change the owner of all files in the /notes directory to this new user. This is often done to ensure proper access permissions to files and directories within the container, particularly to execute the application with specific access restrictions.

Setting the Active User

While creating a user is an important step for security in Docker containers, activating that user in the Dockerfile is crucial. Just creating a user isn't enough because if the user isn't activated, all commands in the Dockerfile will run in the context of the root user by default. Activating the user limits access rights and reduces potential security risks by ensuring that commands are executed with only necessary privileges. Thus, activating the user makes containers more secure and protected against potential threats.

• USER: Docker instruction to set the active user for subsequent commands;

• myuser: Username to set as the active user.