Lära Challenge: Passing Custom Structures as Arguments

We can also pass structures (classes) as arguments of the function. We can do it the same as passing simple data type by using structure (class) name as a type specifier inside the function signature:

Like simple data types, we can pass custom structures (classes) by value, pointer, or reference.

passByValue.cpp

passByPointer.cpp

passByReference.cpp


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#include <iostream>
#include <string>

// Define a custom structure
struct Person {
    std::string name;
    int age;
};

// Function that takes a Person structure by value
void displayPersonInfo(Person p)
{
    std::cout << "Name: " << p.name << ", Age: " << p.age << std::endl;
}

int main()
{
    // Create a Person structure
    Person person1 = {"Alice", 30};

    // Call the function and pass the Person structure by value
    displayPersonInfo(person1);
}

Note

There is another more comfortable way to access the attribute of the structure via pointer: we can use the -> operator instead of (*).. For example:

p->name instead of (*p).name;

p->age instead of (*p).age

Uppgift

Swipe to start coding

You have a student with grades in 3 subjects. Your task is to calculate the student's average grade.

The function calculateAverageGrade takes a Student structure by reference, representing the student's name and grades in Math, Physics, and Chemistry.
Inside calculateAverageGrade, add the three subject scores and assign the result to the variable averageScore (mathScore, physicsScore, chemistryScore).
Divide averageScore by 3.0 to get the average grade as a double.
Determine the overall performance:
- If averageScore >= 90, print "Overall Performance: Excellent".
- If averageScore >= 70, print "Overall Performance: Good".
- Otherwise, print "Overall Performance: Needs Improvement".

Lösning

solution.cpp

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Avsnitt 2. Kapitel 7

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Suggested prompts:

Can you explain how passing by value, pointer, and reference works with structures?

Can you provide an example of a function that takes a structure as an argument?

What is the difference between using the `->` operator and the `.` operator with structures?

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