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C++ Templates

bookCreating Your First Template in C++

Let's see what is happening when we specify different types for the template. For this we will use typeid().name(), it simply shows the data type of the variable. Look at the example below:

main.cpp

main.cpp

copy

              
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#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    int x = 5;
    std::cout << typeid(x).name();    
}

Note

The code snippet above will just display in console i, symbolizing that x is an int.

Let's create a template using <typename Type> and pass Type as a parameter to the function instead of specifying a specific variable.

main.cpp

main.cpp

copy

              
12345678910111213

            
#include <iostream>

template<typename Type>
void check_type() 
{ 
    std::cout << typeid(Type).name() << std::endl;
}

int main()
{
    // Try to change `int` to different type
    check_type<int>();
}

As you can see, when you call the template function and specify a type within the brackets, the typename parameter receives that type. The name of the template parameter essentially becomes an alias for that type.

Tarefa

Swipe to start coding

  1. Turn the swap function into a template function:
    1. define template using the template keyword;
    2. add the list of template parameters;
    3. add one parameter for the template.
  2. Change all types (int) to the typename from the template parameter.
  3. Call the template function and pass char as the type, swapping two variables in the main function.

Solução

solution.cpp

solution.cpp

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Seção 1. Capítulo 3
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bookCreating Your First Template in C++

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Let's see what is happening when we specify different types for the template. For this we will use typeid().name(), it simply shows the data type of the variable. Look at the example below:

main.cpp

main.cpp

copy

              
1234567

            
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    int x = 5;
    std::cout << typeid(x).name();    
}

Note

The code snippet above will just display in console i, symbolizing that x is an int.

Let's create a template using <typename Type> and pass Type as a parameter to the function instead of specifying a specific variable.

main.cpp

main.cpp

copy

              
12345678910111213

            
#include <iostream>

template<typename Type>
void check_type() 
{ 
    std::cout << typeid(Type).name() << std::endl;
}

int main()
{
    // Try to change `int` to different type
    check_type<int>();
}

As you can see, when you call the template function and specify a type within the brackets, the typename parameter receives that type. The name of the template parameter essentially becomes an alias for that type.

Tarefa

Swipe to start coding

  1. Turn the swap function into a template function:
    1. define template using the template keyword;
    2. add the list of template parameters;
    3. add one parameter for the template.
  2. Change all types (int) to the typename from the template parameter.
  3. Call the template function and pass char as the type, swapping two variables in the main function.

Solução

solution.cpp

solution.cpp

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Tudo estava claro?

Como podemos melhorá-lo?

Obrigado pelo seu feedback!

Seção 1. Capítulo 3
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single

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