Challenge: Class Inheritance with Extends and Using Super

Task

You're working on a transportation management system that tracks different types of vehicles. Each vehicle has a make, model, and year. For electric vehicles, you also need to track the batteryCapacity. You'll use inheritance to extend a general Vehicle class for specific electric vehicles.

Create an ElectricVehicle class that extends Vehicle;
The ElectricVehicle constructor should accept make, model, year, and batteryCapacity;
Use super() to initialize make, model, and year in the parent class;
Add a getDetails method to ElectricVehicle that overrides Vehicle's getDetails method. It should call super.getDetails() and add information about batteryCapacity. The format should be: "{make} {model} ({year}) with a battery capacity of {batteryCapacity} kWh.".


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class Vehicle {
  constructor(make, model, year) {
    this.make = make;
    this.model = model;
    this.year = year;
  }

  getDetails() {
    return `${this.make} ${this.model} (${this.year})`;
  }
}

class ElectricVehicle _____ _____ {
  _____(make, model, year, _____) {
    _____(_____, _____, _____);
    this.batteryCapacity = batteryCapacity;
  }

  _____() {
    return `${super._____} with a battery capacity of ${
      _____._____
    } kWh.`;
  }
}

// Testing
const vehicle = new Vehicle('Toyota', 'Camry', 2020);
console.log(vehicle.getDetails()); // Expected: Toyota Camry (2020)

const electricVehicle = new ElectricVehicle('Tesla', 'Model 3', 2021, 75);
console.log(electricVehicle.getDetails()); // Expected: Tesla Model 3 (2021) with a battery capacity of 75 kWh.

Define a class ElectricVehicle that extends Vehicle;
In the ElectricVehicle constructor, add a parameter batteryCapacity after make, model, and year;
Use super(make, model, year) to call the parent class's constructor and initialize make, model, and year;
Assign batteryCapacity to a property in ElectricVehicle;
Define a getDetails method in ElectricVehicle that overrides Vehicle's getDetails method;
Inside getDetails, use super.getDetails() to get the parent class details, then add the battery capacity information to the return string.


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class Vehicle {
  constructor(make, model, year) {
    this.make = make;
    this.model = model;
    this.year = year;
  }

  getDetails() {
    return `${this.make} ${this.model} (${this.year})`;
  }
}

class ElectricVehicle extends Vehicle {
  constructor(make, model, year, batteryCapacity) {
    super(make, model, year);
    this.batteryCapacity = batteryCapacity;
  }

  getDetails() {
    return `${super.getDetails()} with a battery capacity of ${
      this.batteryCapacity
    } kWh.`;
  }
}

// Testing
const vehicle = new Vehicle('Toyota', 'Camry', 2020);
console.log(vehicle.getDetails()); // Output: Toyota Camry (2020)

const electricVehicle = new ElectricVehicle('Tesla', 'Model 3', 2021, 75);
console.log(electricVehicle.getDetails()); // Output: Tesla Model 3 (2021) with a battery capacity of 75 kWh.

Tudo estava claro?

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Seção 1. Capítulo 15