Lære Encapsulation and Best Practices | Access Modifiers in TypeScript

Encapsulation is one of the core principles of object-oriented programming (OOP), and it plays a critical role in building robust, maintainable, and secure applications. In TypeScript, encapsulation refers to the practice of bundling data (properties) and behavior (methods) within a class, while restricting direct access to some of the object's components. This separation ensures that the internal representation of an object is hidden from the outside world, exposing only what is necessary through a controlled interface.

The main reason encapsulation matters is that it helps safeguard your data from unintended interference and misuse. By controlling how data is accessed and modified, you can prevent bugs and maintain the integrity of your objects. In TypeScript, access modifiers such as public, private, and protected are used to enforce encapsulation. These modifiers determine the visibility of class members and restrict how they can be accessed or changed from outside the class.

Using these access modifiers, you can design classes that expose only what is necessary for their intended use, while keeping sensitive data and implementation details hidden. This not only leads to cleaner and more understandable code but also reduces the risk of accidental changes that could break your application. Proper encapsulation allows you to change the internal workings of a class without affecting code that depends on it, making your codebase more flexible and easier to maintain.


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class BankAccount {
  private balance: number;

  constructor(initialBalance: number) {
    this.balance = initialBalance;
  }

  // Public method to get the current balance
  public getBalance(): number {
    return this.balance;
  }

  // Public method to deposit money
  public deposit(amount: number): void {
    if (amount > 0) {
      this.balance += amount;
    }
  }

  // Public method to withdraw money with validation
  public withdraw(amount: number): boolean {
    if (amount > 0 && amount <= this.balance) {
      this.balance -= amount;
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }
}

const account = new BankAccount(1000);
account.deposit(500);
console.log(account.getBalance()); // 1500
const success = account.withdraw(2000); // false, not enough balance
console.log(account.getBalance()); // 1500

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class BankAccount {
  private balance: number;

  constructor(initialBalance: number) {
    this.balance = initialBalance;
  }

  // Public method to get the current balance
  public getBalance(): number {
    return this.balance;
  }

  // Public method to deposit money
  public deposit(amount: number): void {
    if (amount > 0) {
      this.balance += amount;
    }
  }

  // Public method to withdraw money with validation
  public withdraw(amount: number): boolean {
    if (amount > 0 && amount <= this.balance) {
      this.balance -= amount;
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }
}

const account = new BankAccount(1000);
account.deposit(500);
console.log(account.getBalance()); // 1500
const success = account.withdraw(2000); // false, not enough balance
console.log(account.getBalance()); // 1500

Alt var klart?

Takk for tilbakemeldingene dine!

Seksjon 2. Kapittel 4