Lære Correlation in Sports Analytics | Statistical Analysis in Sports

Correlation is a fundamental concept in sports analytics that helps you understand how two variables relate to each other. In sports, you often want to know if increasing one metric tends to increase or decrease another. For example, does a higher number of shots on goal lead to more goals scored? Or does player height relate to the number of rebounds in basketball?

There are three main types of correlation:

Positive correlation: When one variable increases, the other also tends to increase. In soccer, the number of passes completed and team possession percentage often show a positive correlation;
Negative correlation: When one variable increases, the other tends to decrease. In baseball, the number of errors made by a team and their winning percentage may have a negative correlation;
Zero correlation: When there is no consistent relationship between the variables. For instance, a basketball player's shoe size and their free throw shooting percentage likely have zero correlation.

Recognizing these patterns in your data helps you make better decisions, target training, and understand what factors drive performance.


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import pandas as pd

# Create a DataFrame with player metrics
data = {
    "minutes_played": [30, 25, 40, 35, 20],
    "points_scored": [15, 12, 22, 18, 10],
    "rebounds": [8, 7, 10, 9, 6]
}

df = pd.DataFrame(data)

# Compute the correlation matrix
correlation_matrix = df.corr()
print("Correlation matrix:")
print(correlation_matrix)

The correlation coefficient is a number between -1 and 1 that describes the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables:

A coefficient close to 1 means a strong positive correlation: as one variable increases, so does the other;
A coefficient close to -1 means a strong negative correlation: as one variable increases, the other decreases;
A coefficient near 0 means little or no linear relationship.

In sports analytics, interpreting these coefficients helps you decide which metrics are closely linked and which may not influence each other.


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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Hardcoded player data
minutes_played = [30, 25, 40, 35, 20]
points_scored = [15, 12, 22, 18, 10]

plt.scatter(minutes_played, points_scored)
plt.title("Minutes Played vs Points Scored")
plt.xlabel("Minutes Played")
plt.ylabel("Points Scored")
plt.show()

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