
import unittest
import io
import sys
import re
import importlib

class TestTask(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_log_calls_prints_function_name_and_args(self):
        import user_code
        importlib.reload(user_code)
        f = io.StringIO()
        sys_stdout = sys.stdout
        sys.stdout = f
        result = user_code.multiply(3, 4)
        sys.stdout = sys_stdout
        output = f.getvalue()
        log_pattern = r"Calling function 'multiply' with args=\\(3, 4\\), kwargs=\\{\\}"
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            re.search(log_pattern, output) is not None,
            "log_calls prints function name and arguments",
            f"Expected log message not found in output: {output}",
        )

    def test_time_execution_prints_timing(self):
        import user_code
        importlib.reload(user_code)
        f = io.StringIO()
        sys_stdout = sys.stdout
        sys.stdout = f
        user_code.multiply(8, 2)
        sys.stdout = sys_stdout
        output = f.getvalue()
        timing_pattern = r"Function 'multiply' executed in (\\d+\\.\\d{6}) seconds"
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            re.search(timing_pattern, output) is not None,
            "time_execution prints execution time to six decimal places",
            f"Timing message with six decimals not found in output: {output}",
        )

    def test_multiply_returns_correct_product(self):
        import user_code
        importlib.reload(user_code)
        result = user_code.multiply(6, 9)
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            result == 54,
            "multiply returns correct product for (6, 9)",
            f"Expected 54 but got {result}",
        )

    def test_log_calls_before_time_execution(self):
        import user_code
        importlib.reload(user_code)
        f = io.StringIO()
        sys_stdout = sys.stdout
        sys.stdout = f
        user_code.multiply(2, 5)
        sys.stdout = sys_stdout
        output = f.getvalue().splitlines()
        log_index = None
        timing_index = None
        for i, line in enumerate(output):
            if "Calling function 'multiply'" in line:
                log_index = i
            if "executed in" in line:
                timing_index = i
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            log_index is not None and timing_index is not None and log_index < timing_index,
            "Logging output appears before timing output",
            f"Expected logging before timing, got: {output}",
        )

    def test_multiple_calls_with_different_args(self):
        import user_code
        importlib.reload(user_code)
        f = io.StringIO()
        sys_stdout = sys.stdout
        sys.stdout = f
        res1 = user_code.multiply(1, 2)
        res2 = user_code.multiply(10, 20)
        sys.stdout = sys_stdout
        output = f.getvalue()
        log1 = "Calling function 'multiply' with args=(1, 2), kwargs={}"
        log2 = "Calling function 'multiply' with args=(10, 20), kwargs={}"
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            log1 in output and log2 in output and res1 == 2 and res2 == 200,
            "Decorators handle multiple calls and correct output",
            f"Expected log messages for both calls and correct results. Output: {output}, Results: {res1}, {res2}",
        )

def _dynamic_test(test_case, condition, success_message, failure_message):
    if condition:
        test_case._testMethodName = success_message
        test_case.assertTrue(True, success_message)
    else:
        test_case._testMethodName = failure_message
        test_case.fail(failure_message)

def normalize_text(text):
    text = text.lower()
    text = re.sub(r"\\s{2,}", " ", text)
    text = re.sub(r"\\s*([,:?])\\s*", r"\\1 ", text)
    return text.strip()

def change_var(code: str, var_name: str, value: str) -> str:
    import ast
    tree = ast.parse(code)
    lines = code.splitlines()
    changed = False
    assign_nodes = [
        (i, node)
        for i, node in enumerate(tree.body)
        if isinstance(node, ast.Assign)
        and any(isinstance(target, ast.Name) and target.id == var_name for target in node.targets)
    ]
    if not assign_nodes:
        return code
    for i, node in reversed(assign_nodes):
        start_line = node.lineno - 1
        line = lines[start_line]
        indent = ' ' * (len(line) - len(line.lstrip()))
        lines[start_line] = f"{indent}{var_name} = {value}"
        next_line = len(lines)
        for next_node in tree.body[i+1:]:
            if hasattr(next_node, 'lineno'):
                next_line = next_node.lineno - 1
                break
        if next_line > start_line + 1:
            lines[start_line+1:next_line] = []
        changed = True
    return '\\n'.join(lines) if changed else code

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()


test_main.py

パッキング／アンパッキング、柔軟な関数引数、高階関数、ラムダ、変数スコープ、クロージャ、イテレータ、デコレータを習得します。入門レベルのPythonコースを修了し、より効率的で表現力豊かかつ強力なコードを書きたい学習者向けに設計されています。

リスト、タプル、辞書のパッキングおよびアンパッキングの技術を探求し、より表現力が高く効率的なPythonコードの記述を目指します。

高階関数の世界、関数を引数として渡す方法、およびlambdaによる簡潔な無名関数の記述について深く学びます。

変数のスコープの謎を解き明かし、ネストされた関数とクロージャが強力なカプセル化をどのように実現するかを学びます。

Pythonのイテレーションプロトコル、カスタムイテレーター、ジェネレーター関数による効率的なデータ処理を深く学習します。

チャレンジ：ロギングおよびタイミングデコレーター

解答