Passing Functions as Arguments
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Another useful feature is the ability to pass functions as arguments to other functions.
As a reminder, the fundamental syntax of a function with parameters is as follows:
func myFunc(param1 datatype, param2 datatype, ...) optional_return_type {
// Code
// Optional return statement
}
We use the following syntax to specify the data type of the parameter when passing it to a function:
func(datatype, datatype, …) return_datatype
The func keyword is followed by comma-separated data types for the parameters of that function within parentheses. Additionally, we specify the return data type for the expected function or set of functions, if applicable.
An example can help illustrate this concept:
index.go
12345678910111213141516package main import "fmt" func nTimes(n int, msg string) { for i := 0; i < n; i++ { fmt.Println(msg) } } func printFiveTimes(msg string, show func(int, string)) { show(5, "Hello World") } func main() { printFiveTimes("HelloWorld", nTimes) }
In the example above, we pass a function named nTimes as an argument to the printFiveTimes function. The data type for the show parameter in the definition of the printFiveTimes function is func(int, string), which corresponds to the definition of the nTimes function, i.e., nTimes(n int, msg string).
Now, let's take a look at an example of a function with a return value:
index.go
1234567891011121314151617181920package main import "fmt" // A factorial is the product of all the numbers from 1 up till n // For-example factorial of 5 is 1x2x3x4x5, which is 120 func factorial(n int) int { var result int = 1; for i := 2; i <= n; i++ { result *= i } return result } func eval(n int, oper func(int) int) int { return oper(n) } func main() { fmt.Println(eval(5, factorial)) }
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