Summary  
This chapter explains CSS font properties—font-family, font-size, font-weight, and font-style—for controlling text appearance. It also covers the ::first-letter pseudo-class for applying decorative styling to the first character of an element.

General domain of usage  
Web page typography

Watch this video to see how different CSS font properties—such as font-family, font-size, font-weight, and font-style—change the appearance of text on a web page. You'll also learn how the ::first-letter pseudo-class can be used for decorative effects. Use simple css examples. Do not provide full html document stucture. Focus on css mainly

Fonts strongly influence the tone and readability of a web page.
In this chapter, we explore the most commonly used font-related CSS properties: `font-family`, `font-size`, `font-weight`, and `font-style`.


All examples use the same text to show how these properties change appearance.

Note

## font-family
The `font-family` property defines which typeface is used to display text.
```css
p {
  font-family: 'Montserrat', Arial, sans-serif;
}
```
Multiple fonts can be listed as fallbacks, separated by commas. If the first font is not available, the browser uses the next one in the list. It is recommended to always include a generic fallback such as: `serif`, `sans-serif`, `monospace`.

## font-size
The `font-size` property controls how large text appears.
```css
p {
  font-size: 16px;
}
```
Common units: 
- `px`: fixed size;
- `em`: relative to parent element;
- `rem`: relative to root element.

## font-weight
Controls the thickness of text. Numeric values: `100–900`. Keywords: `normal`, `bold`, `lighter`.

## font-style
Specifies the style of the text: `normal`, `italic`, or `oblique`.

## Pseudo-class ::first-letter
`::first-letter` targets the first letter of an element (typically a paragraph or heading), allowing decorative or stylized effects.
```css
selector::first-letter {
 /* some styles */
}
```
Let's run the next example to see how it works.

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

`font-family` defines the typeface and fallbacks.

`font-size` controls text size in px, em, or rem.

`font-weight` adjusts thickness using numbers or keywords.

`font-style` changes the font style.

`::first-letter` styles the first letter of a text block.

Summery

Which property determines the thickness of the font?

What is the default value for the `font-style` property in CSS?

Apprendi le nozioni fondamentali di CSS, il linguaggio di stile che trasforma l'aspetto delle pagine web. Esplora concetti chiave come stili del testo, colori, spaziatura, box model, Flexbox ed effetti decorativi. Sviluppa le competenze necessarie per creare pagine web visivamente accattivanti e ben strutturate.

Comprendere come CSS si collega a HTML e come gli stili vengono applicati tramite i selettori. Applicazione di colori, stili del testo ed effetti hover per controllare la presentazione visiva.

Miglioramento della tipografia tramite altezza della linea, spaziatura, proprietà dei font e font personalizzati. Controllo delle famiglie di font, peso, stile e dimensione per una migliore leggibilità.

Controllo della struttura del layout tramite proprietà di margine, padding, bordi e larghezza. Comprensione del comportamento del dimensionamento del box e dei tipi di visualizzazione degli elementi come block, inline e inline-block.

Controllo dei layout orizzontali e verticali utilizzando le proprietà Flexbox. Regolazione della direzione, dell'allineamento e della spaziatura per strutturare i componenti dell'interfaccia utente.

Migliora i layout utilizzando colori di sfondo, immagini, pseudo-elementi e ombre. Stile dei componenti visivi per profondità e contrasto.

Working with Fonts and Font Properties

font-family

font-size

font-weight

font-style

Pseudo-class ::first-letter

1. Which property determines the thickness of the font?

2. What is the default value for the `font-style` property in CSS?