When you want users to control which slide they see, Swiper.js offers built-in navigation and pagination features. Navigation controls let users move to the next or previous slide using visible arrows, while pagination adds clickable indicators (often dots) that show both the number of slides and which slide is currently active.

You should add navigation controls if you want users to browse slides at their own pace, especially for carousels, galleries, or any slider with more than a few slides. Pagination is helpful when you want users to quickly jump to a specific slide or see their progress within the slider. Both features improve the user experience by making it easy to explore your content.