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Python for Sports Analytics

bookPerformance Metrics in Sports

When analyzing sports data, you need to understand the key metrics that define success for athletes and teams. These metrics vary by sport but serve the same purpose: quantifying performance to enable comparison, improvement, and strategic decision-making.

Consider some common examples:

  • Batting average: used in baseball to measure a hitter's success rate, calculated as hits divided by at-bats;
  • Field goal percentage: used in basketball to show the proportion of shots made, calculated as field goals made divided by field goals attempted;
  • Efficiency ratings: used across sports to combine multiple factors into a single performance score, such as the Player Efficiency Rating (PER) in basketball or the passer rating in football.

Each metric highlights different aspects of performance. Batting average focuses on hitting consistency, field goal percentage emphasizes shooting accuracy, and efficiency ratings offer a broader view by combining stats like points, rebounds, assists, and turnovers.

The right metric depends on the sport, the player's role, and the question you want to answer. For example, a basketball coach might care more about efficiency ratings for overall value or field goal percentage for shooting specialists. Understanding these metrics allows you to make informed decisions and deeper analyses.

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import pandas as pd # Create a DataFrame with player stats data = { "Player": ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "Diana"], "Points": [18, 22, 15, 27], "Rebounds": [7, 9, 5, 11], "Assists": [4, 3, 6, 2], "Turnovers": [2, 5, 1, 3] } df = pd.DataFrame(data) # Calculate a custom efficiency metric df["Efficiency"] = (df["Points"] + df["Rebounds"] + df["Assists"] - df["Turnovers"]) print(df[["Player", "Efficiency"]])
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In this example, you calculate a simple efficiency metric by summing a player's points, rebounds, and assists, then subtracting turnovers. This metric gives a quick snapshot of a player's overall contribution to the game. Higher values indicate more positive impact, while turnovers reduce the score, reflecting mistakes or lost opportunities. While real-world efficiency ratings can be more complex, this approach illustrates how you can use Python and pandas to create custom metrics tailored to your analysis needs.

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import pandas as pd # Player stats with calculated efficiencies data = { "Player": ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "Diana"], "Efficiency": [27, 29, 25, 37] } df = pd.DataFrame(data) # Rank players by efficiency (highest first) df_sorted = df.sort_values(by="Efficiency", ascending=False).reset_index(drop=True) print(df_sorted)
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question mark

Which of the following metrics would be most appropriate to evaluate a basketball player's shooting accuracy?

Select the correct answer

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Come possiamo migliorarlo?

Grazie per i tuoi commenti!

Sezione 2. Capitolo 5

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bookPerformance Metrics in Sports

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When analyzing sports data, you need to understand the key metrics that define success for athletes and teams. These metrics vary by sport but serve the same purpose: quantifying performance to enable comparison, improvement, and strategic decision-making.

Consider some common examples:

  • Batting average: used in baseball to measure a hitter's success rate, calculated as hits divided by at-bats;
  • Field goal percentage: used in basketball to show the proportion of shots made, calculated as field goals made divided by field goals attempted;
  • Efficiency ratings: used across sports to combine multiple factors into a single performance score, such as the Player Efficiency Rating (PER) in basketball or the passer rating in football.

Each metric highlights different aspects of performance. Batting average focuses on hitting consistency, field goal percentage emphasizes shooting accuracy, and efficiency ratings offer a broader view by combining stats like points, rebounds, assists, and turnovers.

The right metric depends on the sport, the player's role, and the question you want to answer. For example, a basketball coach might care more about efficiency ratings for overall value or field goal percentage for shooting specialists. Understanding these metrics allows you to make informed decisions and deeper analyses.

12345678910111213141516
import pandas as pd # Create a DataFrame with player stats data = { "Player": ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "Diana"], "Points": [18, 22, 15, 27], "Rebounds": [7, 9, 5, 11], "Assists": [4, 3, 6, 2], "Turnovers": [2, 5, 1, 3] } df = pd.DataFrame(data) # Calculate a custom efficiency metric df["Efficiency"] = (df["Points"] + df["Rebounds"] + df["Assists"] - df["Turnovers"]) print(df[["Player", "Efficiency"]])
copy

In this example, you calculate a simple efficiency metric by summing a player's points, rebounds, and assists, then subtracting turnovers. This metric gives a quick snapshot of a player's overall contribution to the game. Higher values indicate more positive impact, while turnovers reduce the score, reflecting mistakes or lost opportunities. While real-world efficiency ratings can be more complex, this approach illustrates how you can use Python and pandas to create custom metrics tailored to your analysis needs.

12345678910111213
import pandas as pd # Player stats with calculated efficiencies data = { "Player": ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "Diana"], "Efficiency": [27, 29, 25, 37] } df = pd.DataFrame(data) # Rank players by efficiency (highest first) df_sorted = df.sort_values(by="Efficiency", ascending=False).reset_index(drop=True) print(df_sorted)
copy
question mark

Which of the following metrics would be most appropriate to evaluate a basketball player's shooting accuracy?

Select the correct answer

Tutto è chiaro?

Come possiamo migliorarlo?

Grazie per i tuoi commenti!

Sezione 2. Capitolo 5
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