Summary  
This chapter explains how to perform basic arithmetic operations in Python, covering binary operators (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, floor division, modulus, exponentiation) and unary plus/minus.

General domain of usage  
Scientific computing

import unittest
import importlib
import re

def _dynamic_test(test_case, condition, success_msg, failure_msg):
    if condition:
        test_case._testMethodName = success_msg
        test_case.assertTrue(True, success_msg)
    else:
        test_case._testMethodName = failure_msg
        test_case.fail(failure_msg)

class TestUserCode(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        cls.m = importlib.import_module("user_code")
        with open("user_code.py", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
            cls.src = f.read()

        # Expected values
        cls.expected_total = 8 * 9           # 72
        cls.expected_shortfall = 72 - 60     # 12
        cls.expected_completed = 60 // 9     # 6
        cls.expected_unused = 60 % 9         # 6

    def test_total_minutes(self):
        """Validate total_minutes"""
        declared = hasattr(self.m, "total_minutes")
        correct_type = isinstance(getattr(self.m, "total_minutes", None), int)
        correct_value = declared and self.m.total_minutes == self.expected_total
        uses_multiplication = re.search(
            r"total_minutes\s*=\s*.*\*.*", self.src
        ) is not None

        all_ok = declared and correct_type and correct_value and uses_multiplication
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            all_ok,
            "Total minutes calculated correctly",
            "Total minutes calculated incorrectly"
        )

    def test_shortfall(self):
        """Validate shortfall"""
        declared = hasattr(self.m, "shortfall")
        correct_type = isinstance(getattr(self.m, "shortfall", None), int)
        correct_value = declared and self.m.shortfall == self.expected_shortfall
        uses_subtraction = re.search(
            r"shortfall\s*=\s*.*-.*", self.src
        ) is not None

        all_ok = declared and correct_type and correct_value and uses_subtraction
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            all_ok,
            "Shortfall calculated correctly",
            "Shortfall calculated incorrectly"
        )

    def test_completed_calls(self):
        """Validate completed_calls"""
        declared = hasattr(self.m, "completed_calls")
        correct_type = isinstance(getattr(self.m, "completed_calls", None), int)
        correct_value = declared and self.m.completed_calls == self.expected_completed
        uses_floor_division = re.search(
            r"completed_calls\s*=\s*.*//.*", self.src
        ) is not None

        all_ok = declared and correct_type and correct_value and uses_floor_division
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            all_ok,
            "Completed calls calculated correctly",
            "Completed calls calculated incorrectly"
        )

    def test_unused_time(self):
        """Validate unused_time"""
        declared = hasattr(self.m, "unused_time")
        correct_type = isinstance(getattr(self.m, "unused_time", None), int)
        correct_value = declared and self.m.unused_time == self.expected_unused
        uses_modulo = re.search(
            r"unused_time\s*=\s*.*%.*", self.src
        ) is not None

        all_ok = declared and correct_type and correct_value and uses_modulo
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            all_ok,
            "Unused time calculated correctly",
            "Unused time calculated incorrectly"
        )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

test_code.py

A focused, beginner-friendly course on working with numbers in Python. Learn about integers, floats, arithmetic operations, type conversion, and how to avoid common pitfalls when handling numerical data.

Challenge: Time Calculation

Solution