Links, also known as hyperlinks, enable users to navigate between web pages, resources, and various forms of communication. In HTML, links are created using the <a> (anchor) tag.

<a href="href-value">some text</a>

The href attribute within the <a> tag specifies the destination of the link. It can accept various types of URLs, including:

• Absolute URLs: Specify the complete address of the linked resource, including the protocol (e.g., "https://www.example.com");
• Telephone URLs: Allows users to initiate phone calls directly from the browser when clicked. Formatted as "tel:phone-number". It's essential to include the country code and remove any special characters or spaces from the phone number (e.g., "tel:+123456789");
• Email URLs: Allows users to compose emails when clicked. Formatted as "mailto:email-address". It's important to include the complete email address after mailto: (e.g., "mailto:example@example.com").

Example:

In the example above:

• The <a> tag creates hyperlinks with different destinations;
• The href attribute specifies various URLs, including absolute URLs, telephone numbers, and email addresses.

Other useful attributes

The <a> tag has several attributes that can be used to specify hyperlink properties. Some common attributes include:

• target="_blank": Specifies where to open the linked document. "_blank" opens the link in a new window or tab;
• download: Specifies that the target will be downloaded when the user clicks the hyperlink. This attribute can have a value to specify the filename for saving the resource.

Example:

In this example:

• The href attribute specifies the URL of the linked resource;
• The target attribute opens the link in a new window or tab.