for

The for loop is a fundamental looping structure in JavaScript, though it can initially be challenging to understand. It uses the for keyword and requires three parameters enclosed in parentheses:

Here's a breakdown of these parameters:

Initialization: This is where you initialize a new counter used by the for loop. It's executed only once;
Condition: An expression checked before each iteration, similar to the while loop;
Increment/Decrement: Operations performed on the counter at the end of each loop iteration.

Note
Iteration in loops refers to repeating a block of code a certain number of times or until a specific condition is met. Each time the block of code is executed, it's considered one iteration.

Let's illustrate this with an example:


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for (let i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
  console.log("Loop iteration:", i);
};

In this example:

let i = 1: Initialization, where we create the variable i inside the for loop. This operation executes once;
i < 5: Condition, checked before each iteration;
i++: Increment expression, executed after each iteration;
console.log("Loop iteration:", i);: Body of the for loop.

Each step in the loop can be described as follows:

Step 2 repeats until the condition becomes false.

It can be beneficial to consider a diagram to gain a clearer understanding of how the loop operates.

You can also use decrement in the for loop, as shown here:


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for (let i = 15; i > 10; i--) {
  console.log("i =", i);
}

The for loop counter is unique to its scope, so you don't need to worry about the counter name conflicting with other variables:


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let i = 2077;
console.log("(global) i =", i);

for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
  console.log("(for) i =", i);
}

console.log("(global) i =", i);

Different expressions for Increment/Decrement operations can be used as well:


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for (let i = 0; i < 40; i += 7) {
  console.log("i =", i);
};

Comparing the for and while loops

When comparing for and while loops, the for loop is often simpler and more concise. Here's an example of equivalent loops:


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// `while`
let a = 1;
while (a <= 3) {
  console.log("While:", a);
  a++;
}

// `for`
for (let i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
  console.log("For:", i);
}

In this comparison, the for loop is more straightforward and occupies less code space. Additionally, the for loop automatically clears the counter variable (in this case, i) after execution.

¿Todo estuvo claro?

Sección 5. Capítulo 4