Lernen Integrating Configuration with Maven | Advanced Java Configuration Techniques

Maven is a powerful build automation tool that can simplify configuration management in Java projects. One of its most useful features is resource filtering, which allows you to inject dynamic values into properties files during the build process. With resource filtering, you can define placeholders in your properties files and have Maven replace them with actual values specified in your pom.xml or provided as system properties. This technique helps ensure that configuration values—such as application version, build timestamp, or environment-specific settings—are always up to date and consistent across your deployments.

pom.xml

src/main/resources/application.properties


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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>config-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <app.name>ConfigDemoApp</app.name>
        <app.version>${project.version}</app.version>
    </properties>
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

When using Maven resource filtering, it is important to carefully separate build-time and runtime configuration. Build-time configuration includes values that are determined during the build process, such as the application version or build number, and can be safely embedded into the artifacts. Runtime configuration, on the other hand, consists of values that may change between deployments or environments, such as database URLs or API keys. To avoid leaking sensitive or environment-specific information into your builds, keep runtime configuration outside of version control and inject it at deployment time. This separation helps maintain security and flexibility across your development, testing, and production environments.

pom.xml

src/main/resources/config.properties


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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>env-config-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>dev</id>
            <properties>
                <env.name>development</env.name>
                <db.url>jdbc:h2:mem:devdb</db.url>
            </properties>
        </profile>
        <profile>
            <id>prod</id>
            <properties>
                <env.name>production</env.name>
                <db.url>jdbc:mysql://prod-db-server/proddb</db.url>
            </properties>
        </profile>
    </profiles>
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

1. What is Maven resource filtering used for?

2. How can Maven profiles help manage environment-specific configuration?

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pom.xml

src/main/resources/application.properties


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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>config-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <app.name>ConfigDemoApp</app.name>
        <app.version>${project.version}</app.version>
    </properties>
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

pom.xml

src/main/resources/config.properties


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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>env-config-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>dev</id>
            <properties>
                <env.name>development</env.name>
                <db.url>jdbc:h2:mem:devdb</db.url>
            </properties>
        </profile>
        <profile>
            <id>prod</id>
            <properties>
                <env.name>production</env.name>
                <db.url>jdbc:mysql://prod-db-server/proddb</db.url>
            </properties>
        </profile>
    </profiles>
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

1. What is Maven resource filtering used for?

2. How can Maven profiles help manage environment-specific configuration?

War alles klar?

Danke für Ihr Feedback!

Abschnitt 3. Kapitel 3