Summary  
This chapter demonstrates how to use pandas’ pivot_table to group a DataFrame by one or more columns and compute aggregate functions (e.g., mean), highlighting its equivalence to using groupby with agg.  

General domain of usage  
data analysis

Python has an analog of the `.groupby()` method that can lead to the same result. It is up to you as to which function to use. Let's learn it by using an example. Using the following function, called `.pivot_table()`, we will calculate the mean values of the column `'Length'` that have the same value in the column `'Flight'`:

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv('https://codefinity-content-media.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/4bf24830-59ba-4418-969b-aaf8117d522e/plane', index_col = 0)

# The code using .groupby()
data_flights_1 = data[['Length', 'Flight']].groupby('Flight').mean()
# The same code using .groupby()
data_flights_2 = data[['Length', 'Flight']].groupby('Flight').agg('mean')

# The same code using .pivot_table()
data_flights_3 = pd.pivot_table(data, values = 'Length',
                      index = 'Flight',
                      aggfunc = 'mean')

print(data_flights_1.head())

**Explanation:**

```python
data = pd.pivot_table(data, values = 'Length',
                      index = 'Flight',
                      aggfunc = 'mean')
```
- `pd.pivot_table()` - function that creates pivot tables;
- `data` - data frame that we use;
- `values = 'Length'` - to the argument `values`, we assign columns having the same group, for which we will apply the calculation of the average, maximum, etc. If you want to group by several columns, put them in the list; the order isn't crucial;
- `index = 'Flight'` - `index` is an argument to which you assign the name of a column or columns that you want to group. If you want to group by several columns, put them in the list; the order is crucial, like in the `.groupby()` function;
- `aggfunc = 'mean'` - the same as `agg` in the `.groupby()` method, `aggfunc` has exactly the same syntax as `agg`. Thus, you can put several functions here by putting them in the list to specify functions for different columns using curly brackets.

Here, you have the example of a code that uses the `.groupby()` statement. Please choose the analog using the `.pivot_table()` function.

Pivot Tables