Operation with Matrices
Good! Now we know how to create and customize matrices. It's time to consider the operations we can perform with matrices.
You can perform basic math operations with matrices. Performing a basic operation between a matrix and a single number will perform the respective operation for all matrix elements. For example, for the given matrix below...
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 1 2 3
[2,] 4 5 6
[3,] 7 8 9
...we can multiply each element by 3.
1234567# Vector of integers num <- 1:9 # Matrix m <- matrix(num, nrow = 3, ncol = 3, byrow = T) # Multiply each matrix element by 3 m * 3
As you can see, each matrix element was multiplied by 3. You can also use mean() and sum() functions for matrices. These functions will return the overall mean or total value, respectively. For example,
1234num <- 1:9 m <- matrix(num, nrow = 3, ncol = 3, byrow = T) # Calculate overall mean mean(m)
Additionally, you can also apply these functions to rows or columns separately. These functions are rowSums(), rowMeans(), colSums(), colMeans(). I think it's obvious what each function does according to their names. For example, let's calculate the column sums.
1234num <- 1:9 m <- matrix(num, nrow = 3, ncol = 3, byrow = T) # Columns sums colSums(m)
Let's practice a bit.
Swipe to start coding
Given matrix named m.
2 4 6 8
10 12 14 16
Your tasks are:
- Divide each element by 2, then add 1. Reassign the result to the
mvariable. - Output the matrix
m. - Output the columns totals of the
mmatrix. - Output mean value of all
melements.
Lösung
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Can you show me how to use rowSums() and rowMeans() with a matrix?
What other operations can I perform on matrices in R?
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Good! Now we know how to create and customize matrices. It's time to consider the operations we can perform with matrices.
You can perform basic math operations with matrices. Performing a basic operation between a matrix and a single number will perform the respective operation for all matrix elements. For example, for the given matrix below...
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 1 2 3
[2,] 4 5 6
[3,] 7 8 9
...we can multiply each element by 3.
1234567# Vector of integers num <- 1:9 # Matrix m <- matrix(num, nrow = 3, ncol = 3, byrow = T) # Multiply each matrix element by 3 m * 3
As you can see, each matrix element was multiplied by 3. You can also use mean() and sum() functions for matrices. These functions will return the overall mean or total value, respectively. For example,
1234num <- 1:9 m <- matrix(num, nrow = 3, ncol = 3, byrow = T) # Calculate overall mean mean(m)
Additionally, you can also apply these functions to rows or columns separately. These functions are rowSums(), rowMeans(), colSums(), colMeans(). I think it's obvious what each function does according to their names. For example, let's calculate the column sums.
1234num <- 1:9 m <- matrix(num, nrow = 3, ncol = 3, byrow = T) # Columns sums colSums(m)
Let's practice a bit.
Swipe to start coding
Given matrix named m.
2 4 6 8
10 12 14 16
Your tasks are:
- Divide each element by 2, then add 1. Reassign the result to the
mvariable. - Output the matrix
m. - Output the columns totals of the
mmatrix. - Output mean value of all
melements.
Lösung
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