How to Use Template Specialization

              
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#include <iostream>

template<typename T>
T TemplateFunction(T value) { return value; }

// You can imagine the generated function to look something like this
// template<>
// int TemplateFunction<int>(int value) { return value; }

int main()
{
    // When the compiler encounters this line
    // It generates a function for the specified type
    //               VVV
    TemplateFunction<int>(5);
}

              
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#include <iostream>

// Primary template
template<typename T>
T TemplateFunction(T value) {
    std::cout << "Generic template\n";
    return value;
}

// Template specialization for int
template<>
int TemplateFunction<int>(int value) {
    std::cout << "Specialized template for int\n";
    return value * 2; // custom behavior
}

int main()
{
    TemplateFunction<double>(3.14); // uses generic template
    TemplateFunction<int>(5);       // uses specialized version
}