Course Content

Python Functions Tutorial

1. What is Function in Python?

What Is Function?Challenge: Building functions Arguments Return Value Function Body Built-in Functions

2. Positional and Optional Arguments

Positional Arguments Challenge: Positional Arguments Optional Arguments Challenge: Optional Arguments

3. Arbitrary Arguments

Arbitrary Arguments Arbitrary Keyword Arguments Combination of Positional and Optional Arguments

4. Function Return Value Specification

Single Return Value Multiple Return Values None Return Value Generator Functions Challenge: Traffic lights

5. Recursion and Lambda Functions

Recursion Challenge: Pyramid Lambda Functions Immediately Invoked Lambda Expression Writing Effective and Maintainable Functions

Multiple Return Values

Sometimes it's necessary to return multiple objects as a result of the function. We can do it using two different approaches:

First approach

We can create a list or tuple that contains all necessary objects inside the function and return it as a result of the function.


              123456789101112
            
# Define a function
def return_multiple_objects():
    obj1 = 'Hello'
    obj2 = 42
    obj3 = [1, 2, 3]
	# Return all objects packed into list
    return [obj1, obj2, obj3]
  
# Get the list with corresponding objects
result_list = return_multiple_objects()
for obj in result_list:
	print(obj)

We created three different objects inside the function and returned the list that contains all these objects as an output of the function. Then we iterated this list to get all objects.

Second approach

You can directly return multiple values separated by commas. When function is called, the results are captured in separate variables.


              12345678910
            
def return_multiple_objects():
    obj1 = "Hello"
    obj2 = 42
    obj3 = [1, 2, 3]
	# Return objects separated by comma
    return obj1, obj2, obj3

# Get the result of the function into three different values
result1, result2, result3 = return_multiple_objects()
print(result1, result2, result3)

In the code above we returned three variables separately. If we use this approach it's very important to know the order in which the variables are returned to correctly use them in code.

Task

Create a function that calculates the following data statistics: sum(total), average, minimum and maximum. Return all these statistics using second approach in the order, described above. Call the function, get calculated statistics and print them.

Switch to desktop for real-world practiceContinue from where you are using one of the options below

Everything was clear?

Thanks for your feedback!

Section 4. Chapter 2

Multiple Return Values

Sometimes it's necessary to return multiple objects as a result of the function. We can do it using two different approaches:

First approach

We can create a list or tuple that contains all necessary objects inside the function and return it as a result of the function.


              123456789101112
            
# Define a function
def return_multiple_objects():
    obj1 = 'Hello'
    obj2 = 42
    obj3 = [1, 2, 3]
	# Return all objects packed into list
    return [obj1, obj2, obj3]
  
# Get the list with corresponding objects
result_list = return_multiple_objects()
for obj in result_list:
	print(obj)

We created three different objects inside the function and returned the list that contains all these objects as an output of the function. Then we iterated this list to get all objects.

Second approach

You can directly return multiple values separated by commas. When function is called, the results are captured in separate variables.


              12345678910
            
def return_multiple_objects():
    obj1 = "Hello"
    obj2 = 42
    obj3 = [1, 2, 3]
	# Return objects separated by comma
    return obj1, obj2, obj3

# Get the result of the function into three different values
result1, result2, result3 = return_multiple_objects()
print(result1, result2, result3)

In the code above we returned three variables separately. If we use this approach it's very important to know the order in which the variables are returned to correctly use them in code.

Task

Switch to desktop for real-world practiceContinue from where you are using one of the options below

Everything was clear?

Thanks for your feedback!

Section 4. Chapter 2

Multiple Return Values

Sometimes it's necessary to return multiple objects as a result of the function. We can do it using two different approaches:

First approach

We can create a list or tuple that contains all necessary objects inside the function and return it as a result of the function.


              123456789101112
            
# Define a function
def return_multiple_objects():
    obj1 = 'Hello'
    obj2 = 42
    obj3 = [1, 2, 3]
	# Return all objects packed into list
    return [obj1, obj2, obj3]
  
# Get the list with corresponding objects
result_list = return_multiple_objects()
for obj in result_list:
	print(obj)

We created three different objects inside the function and returned the list that contains all these objects as an output of the function. Then we iterated this list to get all objects.

Second approach

You can directly return multiple values separated by commas. When function is called, the results are captured in separate variables.


              12345678910
            
def return_multiple_objects():
    obj1 = "Hello"
    obj2 = 42
    obj3 = [1, 2, 3]
	# Return objects separated by comma
    return obj1, obj2, obj3

# Get the result of the function into three different values
result1, result2, result3 = return_multiple_objects()
print(result1, result2, result3)

In the code above we returned three variables separately. If we use this approach it's very important to know the order in which the variables are returned to correctly use them in code.

Task

Switch to desktop for real-world practiceContinue from where you are using one of the options below

Everything was clear?

Thanks for your feedback!

Sometimes it's necessary to return multiple objects as a result of the function. We can do it using two different approaches:

First approach

We can create a list or tuple that contains all necessary objects inside the function and return it as a result of the function.


              123456789101112
            
# Define a function
def return_multiple_objects():
    obj1 = 'Hello'
    obj2 = 42
    obj3 = [1, 2, 3]
	# Return all objects packed into list
    return [obj1, obj2, obj3]
  
# Get the list with corresponding objects
result_list = return_multiple_objects()
for obj in result_list:
	print(obj)

We created three different objects inside the function and returned the list that contains all these objects as an output of the function. Then we iterated this list to get all objects.

Second approach

You can directly return multiple values separated by commas. When function is called, the results are captured in separate variables.


              12345678910
            
def return_multiple_objects():
    obj1 = "Hello"
    obj2 = 42
    obj3 = [1, 2, 3]
	# Return objects separated by comma
    return obj1, obj2, obj3

# Get the result of the function into three different values
result1, result2, result3 = return_multiple_objects()
print(result1, result2, result3)

In the code above we returned three variables separately. If we use this approach it's very important to know the order in which the variables are returned to correctly use them in code.

Task

Switch to desktop for real-world practiceContinue from where you are using one of the options below

Section 4. Chapter 2

Switch to desktop for real-world practiceContinue from where you are using one of the options below