Summary  
This chapter explains how to nest conditional statements so you can evaluate multiple logical tests in a single formula and return different results based on each test.

General domain of usage  
Spreadsheet-based business reporting and data analysis

Nested `IF`s allow you to perform **multiple logical tests** in a single formula, making your Excel sheets even more dynamic. 

- Structure **nested** `IF` **statements** to evaluate multiple conditions like this: `=IF(condition1, value_if_true1, IF(condition2, value_if_true2, value_if_false2))`.

Workbook

import unittest
import json


def _dynamic_test(test_case, condition, success_message, failure_message):
    if condition:
        test_case._testMethodName = success_message
        test_case.assertTrue(True, success_message)
    else:
        test_case._testMethodName = failure_message
        test_case.fail(failure_message)


class TestUserCode(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        with open("payload.json") as f:
            data = json.load(f)
        cls.sheet = next(iter(data["sheets"].values()))

    def _cell_value(self, row, col):
        cell = self.sheet.get("cellData", {}).get(str(row), {}).get(str(col))
        if cell is None:
            return None
        v = cell.get("v")
        return v if v is not None else cell.get("f")

    def _check_cell_value(self, row, col, cell_ref, *expected_values):
        actual = self._cell_value(row, col)
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            actual in expected_values,
            f"{cell_ref} contains the correct formula or result.",
            f"{cell_ref} should contain one of {expected_values!r}, but found {actual!r}."
        )

    FORMULA = (
        '=IF(C20>=90,"20%",IF(C20>=80,"15%",IF(C20>=70,"10%",IF(C20>=60,"5%","0%"))))'
    )

    # C column (Work Quality) — anchor C32 and end C38
    def test_c32_nested_if_formula_or_result_is_correct(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            31, 2, "C32",
            '=IF(C20>=90,"20%",IF(C20>=80,"15%",IF(C20>=70,"10%",IF(C20>=60,"5%","0%"))))',
            "5%", 0.05
        )

    def test_c33_nested_if_formula_or_result_is_correct(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            32, 2, "C33",
            '=IF(C21>=90,"20%",IF(C21>=80,"15%",IF(C21>=70,"10%",IF(C21>=60,"5%","0%"))))',
            "20%", 0.2
        )

    def test_c38_nested_if_formula_or_result_is_correct(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            37, 2, "C38",
            '=IF(C26>=90,"20%",IF(C26>=80,"15%",IF(C26>=70,"10%",IF(C26>=60,"5%","0%"))))',
            "5%", 0.05
        )

    # D column (Productivity) — anchor D32 and end D38
    def test_d32_nested_if_formula_or_result_is_correct(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            31, 3, "D32",
            '=IF(D20>=90,"20%",IF(D20>=80,"15%",IF(D20>=70,"10%",IF(D20>=60,"5%","0%"))))',
            "10%", 0.1
        )

    def test_d38_nested_if_formula_or_result_is_correct(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            37, 3, "D38",
            '=IF(D26>=90,"20%",IF(D26>=80,"15%",IF(D26>=70,"10%",IF(D26>=60,"5%","0%"))))',
            "20%", 0.2
        )

    # E column (Knowledge) — anchor E32 and end E38
    def test_e32_nested_if_formula_or_result_is_correct(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            31, 4, "E32",
            '=IF(E20>=90,"20%",IF(E20>=80,"15%",IF(E20>=70,"10%",IF(E20>=60,"5%","0%"))))',
            "10%", 0.1
        )

    def test_e38_nested_if_formula_or_result_is_correct(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            37, 4, "E38",
            '=IF(E26>=90,"20%",IF(E26>=80,"15%",IF(E26>=70,"10%",IF(E26>=60,"5%","0%"))))',
            "10%", 0.1
        )


if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()


test_main.py

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Dive deeper into Excel by exploring advanced data entry and formatting options. Sharpen your skills in text and number formatting, discover how to effectively use styles, and enhance spreadsheet readability and functionality.

Unleash the power of Excel with an introduction to basic formulas and functions. Gain confidence in creating calculations, using cell references, and employing key functions like SUM, AVERAGE, MIN, and MAX to automate and simplify your data analysis tasks.

In this section, you will master advanced Excel formulas and functions, enhancing your ability to manage complex calculations. Learn to display and audit formulas, utilize nested and logical statements, and apply conditions effectively to streamline your data analysis tasks.

Explore comprehensive techniques for sorting, filtering, and managing data efficiently. This section covers everything from basic data organization to advanced filtering and table management, ensuring you can handle and analyze data effectively.

Dive into the art of data visualization using Excel's powerful charting tools. You'll learn to create various types of charts, customize them to enhance visual appeal, and manipulate data within charts to present clear and compelling visual stories.

Gain proficiency in managing worksheets and workbooks within Excel. This section teaches you how to effectively organize and manipulate workbook elements, utilize formatting tools, and secure your work with passwords, providing a thorough grounding in workbook operations.

Using Nested IF Statements

Key Point

Solution