Summary  
This chapter covers using conditional logic with relational operators in an IF construct to evaluate expressions and return different values based on whether a condition is met.

General domain of usage  
Business analytics

For this chapter, we're diving into the world of **logical tests** and **relational operators** in Excel, focusing on the incredibly versatile `IF` **function**. 

Understanding the `IF` **function** and **relational operators** is essential for automating decision-making processes within your spreadsheets. 

These tools allow you to set up conditions that Excel can **evaluate**, making your data more dynamic and responsive.

## Key Points
- Structure the `IF` function using `=IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false)`;
- Use relational operators like `=`, `<>`, `>`, `<`, `>=`, and `<=` to compare values;
- Incorporate **text conditions** in the `IF` function by using **quotation marks** around text values.

Excel formula delimiters may vary depending on your regional settings. Some versions use commas `,` while others use semicolons `;`.

For example:

`=IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false)`

may appear as:

`=IF(logical_test; value_if_true; value_if_false)`

If a formula doesn't work, check which delimiter your version of Excel uses.


Note

import unittest
import json


def _dynamic_test(test_case, condition, success_message, failure_message):
    if condition:
        test_case._testMethodName = success_message
        test_case.assertTrue(True, success_message)
    else:
        test_case._testMethodName = failure_message
        test_case.fail(failure_message)


class TestUserCode(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        with open("payload.json") as f:
            data = json.load(f)
        cls.sheet = next(iter(data["sheets"].values()))

    def _cell_value(self, row, col):
        cell = self.sheet.get("cellData", {}).get(str(row), {}).get(str(col))
        return None if cell is None else cell.get("v")

    def _check_cell_value(self, row, col, cell_ref, *expected_values):
        actual = self._cell_value(row, col)

        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            actual in expected_values,
            f"{cell_ref} contains the correct formula or result.",
            f"{cell_ref} should contain one of {expected_values!r}, but found {actual!r}."
        )

    def test_i22_if_formula_or_result_is_correct(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            21, 8, "I22",
            '=IF(M8>=N8,"Target Met","Target Not Met")',
            "Target Not Met"
        )

    def test_i23_formula_or_result_is_autofilled(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            22, 8, "I23",
            '=IF(M9>=N9,"Target Met","Target Not Met")',
            "Target Met"
        )

    def test_i28_formula_or_result_is_autofilled(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            27, 8, "I28",
            '=IF(M14>=N14,"Target Met","Target Not Met")',
            "Target Not Met"
        )

    def test_i34_bonus_formula_or_result_is_correct(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            33, 8, "I34",
            '=IF(I22="Target Met","20%","0%")',
            "0%",
            0
        )

    def test_i35_bonus_formula_or_result_is_autofilled(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            34, 8, "I35",
            '=IF(I23="Target Met","20%","0%")',
            "20%",
            0.2
        )

    def test_i40_bonus_formula_or_result_is_autofilled(self):
        self._check_cell_value(
            39, 8, "I40",
            '=IF(I28="Target Met","20%","0%")',
            "0%",
            0
        )


if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

test_main.py

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Unleash the power of Excel with an introduction to basic formulas and functions. Gain confidence in creating calculations, using cell references, and employing key functions like SUM, AVERAGE, MIN and MAX to automate and simplify your data analysis tasks.

In this section, you will master advanced Excel formulas and functions, enhancing your ability to manage complex calculations. Learn to display and audit formulas, utilize nested and logical statements, and apply conditions effectively to streamline your data analysis tasks.

Explore comprehensive techniques for sorting, filtering, and managing data efficiently. This section covers everything from basic data organization to advanced filtering and table management, ensuring you can handle and analyze data effectively.

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Gain proficiency in managing worksheets and workbooks within Excel. This section teaches you how to effectively organize and manipulate workbook elements, utilize formatting tools, and secure your work with passwords, providing a thorough grounding in workbook operations.

Mastering IF Logical Tests and Relational Operators in Excel

Key Points

Task

Solution