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R Introduction: Part II
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R Introduction: Part II

R Introduction: Part II

1. Matrices
What is a Matrix?matrix() FunctionTransposingMatrix IndexationNamingsOperation with MatricesSales and Revenue
2. Data Frames
What is a Data Frame?data.frame() FunctionColumns AccessorsLogical IndexingManipulating ColumnsManipulating RowsData Extraction
3. Lists
What is a List?NamingsExtracting List ElementsModifying

bookWhat is a Matrix?

A matrix is a two-dimensional data structure in R, which means that every matrix element can be characterized by its position among rows and columns. Matrices in R can contain data of only one type, i.e., a matrix can not contain numbers and text simultaneously.

There are several ways to create a matrix in R. On one side, you can 'merge' two rows; on the other, you can 'merge' two columns. Let's consider each method separately. The first one is the rbind() function. Function name comes from Rows Bind - this function connects vectors as rows.


              
12345

            
# Rows
row_1 = c(1, 2, 3)
row_2 = c(4, 5, 6)
# Merge two rows
rbind(row_1, row_2)
copy

As you can see, this matrix has two rows and three columns (since each row has three values). Another way - is to use cbind() function. Likewise, the previous function, name of this function comes from Columns Bind. Let's look at the example.


              
12345

            
# Columns
col_1 = c(1, 2, 3)
col_2 = c(4, 5, 6)
# Merge two columns
cbind(col_1, col_2)
copy

As you can see, this matrix has two columns and three rows (since each column has three values).

Task

Practice creating matrices by yourself using both methods!

  1. Create two vectors: a with integers from 1 to 4, and b with integers from 5 to 8 using the colon : sign.
  2. Create and output matrix by merging a and b as rows.
  3. Create and output matrix by merging a and b as columns.

Once you've completed this task, click the button below the code to check your solution.

Switch to desktopSwitch to desktop for real-world practiceContinue from where you are using one of the options below
Everything was clear?

How can we improve it?

Thanks for your feedback!

Section 1. Chapter 1
toggle bottom row

bookWhat is a Matrix?

A matrix is a two-dimensional data structure in R, which means that every matrix element can be characterized by its position among rows and columns. Matrices in R can contain data of only one type, i.e., a matrix can not contain numbers and text simultaneously.

There are several ways to create a matrix in R. On one side, you can 'merge' two rows; on the other, you can 'merge' two columns. Let's consider each method separately. The first one is the rbind() function. Function name comes from Rows Bind - this function connects vectors as rows.


              
12345

            
# Rows
row_1 = c(1, 2, 3)
row_2 = c(4, 5, 6)
# Merge two rows
rbind(row_1, row_2)
copy

As you can see, this matrix has two rows and three columns (since each row has three values). Another way - is to use cbind() function. Likewise, the previous function, name of this function comes from Columns Bind. Let's look at the example.


              
12345

            
# Columns
col_1 = c(1, 2, 3)
col_2 = c(4, 5, 6)
# Merge two columns
cbind(col_1, col_2)
copy

As you can see, this matrix has two columns and three rows (since each column has three values).

Task

Practice creating matrices by yourself using both methods!

  1. Create two vectors: a with integers from 1 to 4, and b with integers from 5 to 8 using the colon : sign.
  2. Create and output matrix by merging a and b as rows.
  3. Create and output matrix by merging a and b as columns.

Once you've completed this task, click the button below the code to check your solution.

Switch to desktopSwitch to desktop for real-world practiceContinue from where you are using one of the options below
Everything was clear?

How can we improve it?

Thanks for your feedback!

Section 1. Chapter 1
toggle bottom row

bookWhat is a Matrix?

A matrix is a two-dimensional data structure in R, which means that every matrix element can be characterized by its position among rows and columns. Matrices in R can contain data of only one type, i.e., a matrix can not contain numbers and text simultaneously.

There are several ways to create a matrix in R. On one side, you can 'merge' two rows; on the other, you can 'merge' two columns. Let's consider each method separately. The first one is the rbind() function. Function name comes from Rows Bind - this function connects vectors as rows.


              
12345

            
# Rows
row_1 = c(1, 2, 3)
row_2 = c(4, 5, 6)
# Merge two rows
rbind(row_1, row_2)
copy

As you can see, this matrix has two rows and three columns (since each row has three values). Another way - is to use cbind() function. Likewise, the previous function, name of this function comes from Columns Bind. Let's look at the example.


              
12345

            
# Columns
col_1 = c(1, 2, 3)
col_2 = c(4, 5, 6)
# Merge two columns
cbind(col_1, col_2)
copy

As you can see, this matrix has two columns and three rows (since each column has three values).

Task

Practice creating matrices by yourself using both methods!

  1. Create two vectors: a with integers from 1 to 4, and b with integers from 5 to 8 using the colon : sign.
  2. Create and output matrix by merging a and b as rows.
  3. Create and output matrix by merging a and b as columns.

Once you've completed this task, click the button below the code to check your solution.

Switch to desktopSwitch to desktop for real-world practiceContinue from where you are using one of the options below
Everything was clear?

How can we improve it?

Thanks for your feedback!

A matrix is a two-dimensional data structure in R, which means that every matrix element can be characterized by its position among rows and columns. Matrices in R can contain data of only one type, i.e., a matrix can not contain numbers and text simultaneously.

There are several ways to create a matrix in R. On one side, you can 'merge' two rows; on the other, you can 'merge' two columns. Let's consider each method separately. The first one is the rbind() function. Function name comes from Rows Bind - this function connects vectors as rows.


              
12345

            
# Rows
row_1 = c(1, 2, 3)
row_2 = c(4, 5, 6)
# Merge two rows
rbind(row_1, row_2)
copy

As you can see, this matrix has two rows and three columns (since each row has three values). Another way - is to use cbind() function. Likewise, the previous function, name of this function comes from Columns Bind. Let's look at the example.


              
12345

            
# Columns
col_1 = c(1, 2, 3)
col_2 = c(4, 5, 6)
# Merge two columns
cbind(col_1, col_2)
copy

As you can see, this matrix has two columns and three rows (since each column has three values).

Task

Practice creating matrices by yourself using both methods!

  1. Create two vectors: a with integers from 1 to 4, and b with integers from 5 to 8 using the colon : sign.
  2. Create and output matrix by merging a and b as rows.
  3. Create and output matrix by merging a and b as columns.

Once you've completed this task, click the button below the code to check your solution.

Switch to desktopSwitch to desktop for real-world practiceContinue from where you are using one of the options below
Section 1. Chapter 1
Switch to desktopSwitch to desktop for real-world practiceContinue from where you are using one of the options below
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