Summary  
This chapter explains how to use the add() method to insert one element at a time into a set, with each call adding exactly one unique item and ignoring duplicates.

General domain of usage  
managing collections of unique data

You can also add elements to a set. To do this, there's a specific `add()` method. It's important to note that with this method, you can add **only one element** at a time. So, if you want to add 4 elements, for example, you'll need to use this method 4 times. Let's check out an example.

# Creating an empty set
favorite_movies = set()
print("Initial set:", favorite_movies)  # Output - Initial set: set()

# Adding movies to the set
favorite_movies.add("Inception")
favorite_movies.add("Interstellar")
favorite_movies.add("Tenet")
favorite_movies.add("Dunkirk")

print("Updated set:", favorite_movies)  # Output - Updated set: {'Interstellar', 'Dunkirk', 'Inception', 'Tenet'}

The `add()` method is best used for adding **single** elements.

import unittest
import importlib

def _dynamic_test(test_case, condition, success_message, failure_message):
    if condition:
        test_case._testMethodName = success_message
        test_case.assertTrue(True, success_message)
    else:
        test_case._testMethodName = failure_message
        test_case.fail(failure_message)

class TestUserCode(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_tarantino_movies_is_declared(self):
        import user_code
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            hasattr(user_code, 'tarantino_movies'),
            "The `tarantino_movies` set is declared.",
            "Expected `tarantino_movies` to be declared."
        )

    def test_tarantino_movies_is_set(self):
        import user_code
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            isinstance(user_code.tarantino_movies, set),
            "The `tarantino_movies` is of type `set`.",
            "Expected `tarantino_movies` to be of type `set`."
        )

    def test_tarantino_movies_contains_initial_movies(self):
        import user_code
        initial_movies = {
            'Pulp Fiction',
            'Kill Bill: Vol. 1',
            'Kill Bill: Vol. 2',
            'Inglourious Basterds',
            'Django Unchained'
        }
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            initial_movies.issubset(user_code.tarantino_movies),
            f"The `tarantino_movies` contains the initial movies: {initial_movies}.",
            f"Expected `tarantino_movies` to contain the initial movies: {initial_movies}, but got {user_code.tarantino_movies}."
        )

    def test_tarantino_movies_contains_new_movies(self):
        import user_code
        new_movies = {'Reservoir Dogs', 'Once Upon a Time in Hollywood'}
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            new_movies.issubset(user_code.tarantino_movies),
            f"The `tarantino_movies` contains the newly added movies: {new_movies}.",
            f"Expected `tarantino_movies` to contain the newly added movies: {new_movies}, but got {user_code.tarantino_movies}."
        )

    def test_add_method_used(self):
        with open('user_code.py', 'r') as file:
            user_code_source = file.read()
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            user_code_source.count("add") >= 2,
            "The `add()` method is used at least twice to add new movies.",
            "Expected the `add()` method to be used at least twice to add new movies."
        )

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()


test_main.py

Explore the fundamental data structures of the Python programming language, including lists, dictionaries, tuples, and sets, and learn how to apply them effectively to solve real-world programming challenges.

What is a list? A list is an ordered collection that can be modified. It also allows for duplicate elements.

What is a dictionary? A dictionary is an ordered collection that can be changed, but it doesn't allow duplicate entries. It consists of key:value pairs, which are used to optimize its structure.

What is a tuple? A tuple is an ordered collection that cannot be altered. It can have duplicate elements. While it's similar to a list, the values in a tuple can be of any type and are indexed by integers. Although not mandatory, it's common to enclose the values of a tuple in parentheses, making them easier to understand in Python.

What is a set? In Python, a set is an unordered collection that is both iterable and mutable, with no repeated elements. While the order of items in a set isn't fixed, it can include a variety of elements. A key benefit of using sets over lists is their highly efficient method for determining if an element exists within the set.

Using the add() Method: Adding Single Elements to a Set

Solution

Awesome!

Using the add() Method: Adding Single Elements to a Set

Solution