Summary
This chapter covers the Boolean data type (True/False) and Python’s truthiness and falsiness rules for evaluating values in conditional statements.

General domain of usage
Control flow (conditional logic)

Every decision your program makes—whether to show a message, repeat a step, or validate input—boils down to a Boolean: `True` or `False`. This chapter introduces Booleans and how ordinary Python values behave in conditions.

## What is a Boolean?

A Boolean is a value that represents truth: **`True`** or **`False`** (note the capitalization). You'll often get Booleans from comparisons—`age >= 18` yields `True` when the condition holds—and you'll use them directly in control flow, e.g. `if is_adult:`.

## Truthiness in practice

In `if`/`while` conditions, Python treats many objects as "truthy" or "falsey". Empty or zero-like values are considered false; everything else is true. This lets you write natural checks such as `if items:` or `if name:` without extra comparisons.


### Common falsey values

* `False`;
* `None`;
* `0`, `0.0`;
* `""` (empty string);
* Empty containers: `[]`, `()`, `{}`, `set()`.

Non-empty strings are truthy—even `"0"` or `"False"`.

is_ready = True
name = ""
count = 0

if is_ready:
    print("Go!")            # runs, because True

print(bool(name))           # False  → empty string
print(bool(count))          # False  → zero
print(bool("0"))            # True   → non-empty string

Which `if` will **not** execute its body?

This course is going to help you dive deeper into data types and try to work with them. Here you will learn basic operations and all ins and outs of numbers, boolean data type, and strings. This course consists of a lot of practical tasks after which you will become a skillful programmer.

Numerical data types are fundamental in Python, forming the backbone of many computational tasks. In this section, you'll dive into the essentials of working with integers and floating-point numbers, performing basic mathematical operations, and understanding the real-world applications of numerical data. You'll also explore critical concepts such as immutability and gain hands-on experience with Python’s built-in functions and tools for handling numbers effectively.

The main goal of this section is to clarify the boolean data types; it's a sub type of numeric data, but indeed it is more challenging. Since it is always better to excel in the more difficult topics, this section is a valuable part of your curriculum.

Strings are a way for us to implement your phrases in Python, that is, to give instructions to users who are the target audience of your program. Indeed, it is always better to be able to work with strings because they should be used in your code. You'll understand why soon.

Change values to the kind you need, clean text before comparing, and keep math strictly with numbers while formatting results for people to read. Mark missing data clearly and handle it on purpose, and treat human text differently from raw file or network content. The goals are fewer mistakes, reliable comparisons, consistent results, and clear, readable output.


This chapter consists of practical tasks that combine all the examined topics together with a bit of theory.

Boolean Basics

What is a Boolean?

Truthiness in practice

Common falsey values

1. Which value is falsey in Python?

2. What value will this code output?

3. Which `if` will not execute its body?

Awesome!

Boolean Basics

What is a Boolean?

Truthiness in practice

Common falsey values

1. Which value is falsey in Python?

2. What value will this code output?

3. Which `if` will not execute its body?

Boolean Basics

What is a Boolean?

Truthiness in practice

Common falsey values

1. Which value is falsey in Python?

2. What value will this code output?

3. Which if will not execute its body?

Awesome!

Boolean Basics

What is a Boolean?

Truthiness in practice

Common falsey values

1. Which value is falsey in Python?

2. What value will this code output?

3. Which if will not execute its body?

3. Which `if` will not execute its body?

3. Which `if` will not execute its body?